Flagellum
鞭毛鞭毛（/fləˈdʒɛləm/；复数：flagella）（拉丁语为“鞭子”或“鞭子”）是一种毛发状附属物，从某些植物和动物精子细胞、真菌孢子（游动孢子）和多种微生物中伸出，提供运动能力。许多具有鞭毛的原生生物被称为鞭毛虫。在细菌、古细菌和真核生物的三个领域中，鞭毛具有不同的结构、蛋白质组成和推进机制，但具有相同的提供运动的功能。拉丁词flagellum的意思是“鞭子”，用来形容它像鞭子一样的游泳运动。细菌和古细菌（原核生物）的鞭毛是类似转子的结构，通过旋转推动生物体。虽然与细菌鞭毛非常相似，但古细菌中的鞭毛被称为古细菌，以表明其与细菌鞭毛的区别。
A flagellum (/fləˈdʒɛləm/; pl.: flagella) (Latin for 'whip' or 'scourge') is a hair-like appendage that protrudes from certain plant and animal sperm cells, from fungal spores (zoospores), and from a wide range of microorganisms to provide motility. Many protists with flagella are known as flagellates. Across the three domains of Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryota, the flagellum has a different structure, protein composition, and mechanism of propulsion but shares the same function of providing motility. The Latin word flagellum means "whip" to describe its lash-like swimming motion. The flagella of bacteria and archaea, prokaryotes, are rotor-like structures that propel the organism via roatation. While very similar to bacterial flagella, the flagellum in archaea is called the archaellum to note its difference from the bacterial flagellum.
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Wikipedia contributors · Retrieved2026-10-04 · CC BY-SA 4.0. Introductions were extracted as plain text and shortened. Language versions may emphasize different aspects.For concept reference; consult the original standards for authoritative requirements. The Chinese definition is a machine-assisted translation of the cited English introduction; check technical terminology against the original.
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