鞭毛
Flagellum鞭毛(/fləˈdʒɛləm/;复数:flagella)(拉丁语为“鞭子”或“鞭子”)是一种毛发状附属物,从某些植物和动物精子细胞、真菌孢子(游动孢子)和多种微生物中伸出,提供运动能力。许多具有鞭毛的原生生物被称为鞭毛虫。在细菌、古细菌和真核生物的三个领域中,鞭毛具有不同的结构、蛋白质组成和推进机制,但具有相同的提供运动的功能。拉丁词flagellum的意思是“鞭子”,用来形容它像鞭子一样的游泳运动。细菌和古细菌(原核生物)的鞭毛是类似转子的结构,通过旋转推动生物体。虽然与细菌鞭毛非常相似,但古细菌中的鞭毛被称为古细菌,以表明其与细菌鞭毛的区别。
A flagellum (/fləˈdʒɛləm/; pl.: flagella) (Latin for 'whip' or 'scourge') is a hair-like appendage that protrudes from certain plant and animal sperm cells, from fungal spores (zoospores), and from a wide range of microorganisms to provide motility. Many protists with flagella are known as flagellates. Across the three domains of Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryota, the flagellum has a different structure, protein composition, and mechanism of propulsion but shares the same function of providing motility. The Latin word flagellum means "whip" to describe its lash-like swimming motion. The flagella of bacteria and archaea, prokaryotes, are rotor-like structures that propel the organism via roatation. While very similar to bacterial flagella, the flagellum in archaea is called the archaellum to note its difference from the bacterial flagellum.
来源、授权与使用说明
维基百科条目作者 · 获取于 2026-10-04 · CC BY-SA 4.0。简介经过纯文本提取与截取;两个语言版本的内容侧重可能不同。用于概念速查,不替代标准原文。 本条中文为英文百科简介的机器辅助翻译,请结合英文原文核对专业术语。
查看内容许可 ↗